1. What soil is suitable for growing watermelon?
Answer: Watermelon is suitable for cultivation on loam or sandy loam. The best previous crop is wheat, spring corn and sweet potato, followed by cotton, followed by peanuts. Soybean stubble, vegetables and melon crops all have a bad influence on the growth of watermelon. Therefore, when planting watermelon, a soft loam should be selected, and the previous stubble should be a grass field crop.
2. Why can't the watermelon be replanted?
Answer: "Sesame and melon are afraid of repeated cropping". "Stubble melons, not fruiting melons". Watermelon has a relatively large demand for trace elements and is prone to disease, and continuous cropping will lead to a lack of trace elements in the soil, serious soil-borne diseases, and repeated infection of pathogens, resulting in reduced yields. The rotation time is generally large fruit type, eight to ten years. The small fruit type is medium-early five to six years old.
3. What are the water requirements of watermelon?
Answer: Watermelons cultivated with double mulch and plastic film generally need to be watered with five waters: ① Bottom water: Before the plot is prepared, the ground should be watered once, and then the plot will be prepared for plotting and sowing or watering by ditching, and the bottom water should be adequately watered. . ② Sowing water or planting water: Use a pot to water the planting holes, and pour a large bowl of water into each hole. ③ Promoting water: When the watermelon enters the creeping stage, the root system is extended, the leaves are many, and the weather is hot. This period is in April and May, and the weather is dry and rainy, so it is possible to "steal watering" in the irrigation ditches on both sides of the high border. ④ Watering the melon: When the melon grows to the size of an egg, the fruit begins to expand rapidly, and the water demand increases. It is advisable to pour open water once, and the amount of water should not exceed two-thirds of the high border. ⑤ Water for swelling melon: The fruit grows to the size of the mouth of a bowl, and the peel begins to soften at noon, which is a symbol of the fruit entering the fastest stage, and it can be poured two or three times in a row.
4. What nutrients do watermelons need to grow?
Answer: The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 3.28:1:4.33. Calculated for the production of 5,000 catties of watermelon per mu, 23 catties of nitrogen, 17 catties of phosphorus and 20 catties of potassium are required. You can choose a compound fertilizer with a suitable formula as the base fertilizer according to your needs. In the later stage, the appropriate top dressing can be selected according to the specific situation. In addition, fertilizers that do not contain chloride ions should be selected.
5. What kind of fertilizer is good for watermelon?
Answer: The base fertilizer is thawed in early spring, combined with deep ploughing and spreading of coarse fertilizer. Generally, 10,000 kg of manure is applied in the grass circle. In addition, after the ditch is opened, it is applied into the ditch, and high-quality fertilizers such as large manure, chicken manure, and cake fertilizer are used. Each mu can apply 2000-3000 catties of decomposed and mashed large manure or 3000-4000 catties of chicken manure, 100 catties of phosphate fertilizer and 30-40 catties of compound fertilizer. Top dressing: Use compound fertilizer with high nutrient content and fast fertilizer effect. The frequency and quantity of application depends on the amount of base fertilizer, the quality and the growth potential of watermelon plants.
The cultivation of double mulching and plastic film mulching pursues early maturity, and the fruit setting part is close, the plant bears a heavy burden and is prone to premature senescence. Generally, it can be applied three times:
①In the early stage of 5-6 true leaves of watermelon, 15-20 catties of thiamine and 5-10 catties of sulfur potassium should be applied per acre in combination with watering and stretching water to promote the robust growth of stems and leaves. (To prevent excessive nitrogen fertilizer causing leggy).
②In the first crop of melons, 15-20 kilograms of thiamine and 5 kilograms of sulfur potassium should be topdressed per mu.
③After the first crop of melon is harvested, in order to prevent premature senescence of stems and leaves and promote the development of the second crop of melon, topdressing 5--10 catties of high nitrogen water-soluble fertilizer) 5--10 catties of sulfur and potassium per mu. Note: If the seedlings are too weak at the seedling stage, 1% high nitrogen water-soluble fertilizer solution can be used to irrigate the roots.
During the growth of watermelon, the leaves at the base are dark green, followed by the middle, and those with the lightest top are normal and strong seedlings, which can be applied with less or no top-dressing; Fertilization must be controlled; if the color of the front and rear leaves is green, it is a symptom of lack of fertilizer and dehydration, and an appropriate amount of topdressing should be applied.
6. How to carry out top dressing outside the root?
Answer: Sprinkling a solution containing nutrients on the stems and leaves of crops is called top dressing outside the roots. Topdressing outside watermelon roots is generally in the swelling stage, with 2%-3% superphosphate filtrate for foliar spraying. During the development of the second crop of melon, spraying with 0.2% urea solution, the effect is very good.
7. How to fertilize to keep the sweetness of watermelon?
Answer: Applying too much nitrogen fertilizer will reduce the sugar content of watermelon. If a compound fertilizer containing three elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is applied, or phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are applied later, the sweetness of watermelon will not be affected. Excessive nitrogen application, compound fertilizer of watermelon sugar element, or later application of phosphorus,
8. How to deal with the seeds of watermelon before sowing?
Answer: ①Choose watermelon seeds suitable for local planting. ②Soaking seeds: Soak seeds in warm water at 20-25 degrees for 5-6 hours, and then soak them in constant temperature water at 15 degrees for 30 minutes. ③ Germination: Wrap it with a damp cloth and place it at 25-30 degrees to germinate.
9. How many forms of mulch cover are there?
Answer: ① Ground cover. ②The small arch shed is covered. ③Double coverage (ground coverage + small arch shed coverage).
10. Why does the watermelon go back to its roots?
Answer: Root reversion is the extension of the original root group in the opposite direction of the soil surface after watering. The phenomenon of watermelon returning to its roots mostly occurs when watering during prolonged drought. After returning to the roots, the drought tolerance ability decreases, which affects the normal growth and development. When rooting occurs, it should be watered several times to promote the root system.
